4/11/22, 7:04 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
https:
canvas.park.edu/courses/67773/discussion_topics/ XXXXXXXXXX/4
This is a graded discussion: 25 points possible
due Apr 17
Unit 5: Discussion
Shrinking Batch Sizes in the Apparel Industry
Source:
Ga
ison, R., Noreen, E., & Brewer, P XXXXXXXXXXManagerial accounting (17 ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Directions
Business Focus
It may seem logical to conclude that apparel manufacturers would try to produce
garments in very large batch sizes in an effort to spread their batch-related costs
over more units. However, the downsides of producing clothing in huge production
uns is that it lengthens the manufacturers’ customer response times and limits
their customization capabilities.
Spencer Fung manages Li & Fung Ltd., a supply chain management company
that operates in the global garment industry. He says “just look at the average size
of orders—it’s been going down for years. It went from hundreds of thousands to
tens of thousands. And it will keep going down until it approaches a unit of one.”
This trend is arising because the internet enables customers to shop 24 hours a
day while encouraging them to expect continuous access to new styles of custom-
tailored clothing. Numerous companies, such as Amazon.com, are exploring “click,
uy, and make” order-to-delivery platforms that would enable them to use
technology-intensive manufacturing processes to produce garments in batch sizes
of one.
Source: Khan, Natasha. “Tech Puts Fast Fashion on Steroids,” The Wall Street
Journal, April 10, 2018, p. B7.
th
Initial Posting Peer Responses
4/11/22, 7:04 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
https:
canvas.park.edu/courses/67773/discussion_topics/ XXXXXXXXXX/4
Initial Posting
Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the ideal order quantity a company should purchase for its inventory
given a set cost of production, a certain demand rate, and other variables. This is done to minimize
inventory holding costs and order-related costs.
The Following excerpt is taken from How to make EOQ Relevant Again
(https:
www.sdcexec.com/sourcing-procurement/article/ XXXXXXXXXX/how-to-make-eoq-relevant-again) (2012).
EOQ will increase as the annual demand and the cost of ordering increase and it will decrease
as the cost of ca
ying inventory and the
The concepts of Just-in-Time (JIT) and Lean have led many to question the continued
elevance of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), whose function is to identify the optimum
order with the lowest cost parameter.
In response, yes, it is still valid as a basic analytic tool, however, many supply chain
industry executives perceive it as i
elevant. Many companies cannot apply it—even if
they wanted to—because they do not know their acquisition costs to place an order or thei
yearly inventory ca
ying cost rate.
EOQ is used despite its highly restrictive assumptions that: demand is relatively constant
and is known or predictable; the item is purchased in lots or batches and not continuously;
the order and preparation costs (acquisition or purchase cost per order) and the inventory
ca
ying costs are constant and known; and replacement of inventory occurs all at once.
And knowing how to apply EOQ practically is just as important as being able to use the
formula calculation itself.
https:
www.sdcexec.com/sourcing-procurement/article/ XXXXXXXXXX/how-to-make-eoq-relevant-again
4/11/22, 7:04 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
https:
canvas.park.edu/courses/67773/discussion_topics/ XXXXXXXXXX/4
Due Dates
Initial Post
Online Students: by 11:59 p.m., Wednesday CT.
Blended Students: by at least 5 hours prior to the scheduled class session.
Peer Responses
Online and Blended: Respond to a minimum of two peers' initial postings by 5:00 p.m.,
Sunday, CT.
In your initial post, defend your position on batch size and tell whether Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is
elevant to your selected company/industry. Identify how metrics are used in the company/industry to
support use of batch size or EOQ. Enter your company’s story along with na
ative and relevant metrics in
the initial post of the Discussion Forum.
Submission Requirements
This report should:
e prepared as a Microsoft™ Word document and attached to the unit discussion thread.
e cut and paste it into your response
explicitly address all required components of this discussion assignment (There is no minimum o
maximum in terms of the word count).
consistent with the most cu
ent APA writing style
eflect higher level cognitive processing (analysis, synthesis and or evaluation).
Determine your metrics
EOQ involves determining the optimal quantity to purchase when orders are placed. Fo
example, small orders result in low inventory levels and inventory ca
ying costs, frequent
orders and higher ordering costs; while large orders result in higher inventory levels and
inventory ca
ying costs and infrequent orders and lower ordering costs.
Alarmingly, many companies have never determined their cost of placing and processing a
single purchase order (e.g., the time and extra cost to send in an order for an item, receive
it, handle the supplier’s invoice and pay for it). This cost of placing and processing a single
paper-based purchase order (PO) is often substantial—in the range of $35 to $200 per PO.
The cost impact of placing and processing a single PO in many instances is furthe
aggravated by the higher receipt handling processing and inbound freight charges that may
incur for smaller and more frequently delivered orders. Worse yet is that some companies
only use the holding cost as the extra cost of money invested in stock rather than an
inventory ca
ying cost (ICC) rate. Normally, the holding cost portion is the actual out-of-
pocket expense for money bo
owed from a bank or interest which varies with the prime
o
owing rate. For others, the holding cost may constitute the imputed “opportunity cost”
on the use of equity capital earned by investing it in a high yielding security.
4/11/22, 7:04 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
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4/11/22, 7:09 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
https:
canvas.park.edu/courses/67793/discussion_topics/ XXXXXXXXXX/2
This is a graded discussion: 25 points possible
due Apr 17
Unit 5: Discussion 1 1
Introduction
The word politics often elicits more negative than positive
connotations. Popular culture portrays politicians as underhanded,
power-hungry, and ruthless in their ambitions. Nevertheless, all
persons possess the capacity to engage in self-serving behavior.
Politics exist wherever conflict and competition collide.
Organizational politics, behavior that is not formally sanctioned by
the organization, focuses on maximizing one’s self-interest, often at
the expense of the organization or other employees. Whether one chooses to engage in it or avoid
it, organizational politics is a reality in every workplace. Hence, a critical component of any leade
or managers’ decision-making processes.
Directions
Click for Unit Learning Outcomes
Initial Post
Part 1
Read carefully “Examining the Evidence- Political Behavior: A Viable Coping Strategy fo
Organizational Politics?” found in Chapter 13 of the Neck et al. textbook. For the discussion by:
Identify positive effects of organizational politics as articulated by academic and business
sources (not just the Neck et al. textbook)
Assessing best practices for mangers and leaders to leverage effectively organizational politics
(make sure to base your assessment on scholarly and practitioner literature, not just you
opinion)
Evaluate best practices for managers and leaders to minimize negative employees’ perceptions
of organizational politics.
Part 2
Initial Post Peer Response
4/11/22, 7:09 PM Topic: Unit 5: Discussion
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canvas.park.edu/courses/67793/discussion_topics/ XXXXXXXXXX/2
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Due Dates
Initial Post: Post by 11:59 p.m., Wednesday CT.
Peer Response: Respond to two or more classmates by 5:00 p.m., Sunday, CT.
Next, take Self-Assessment 13.1 [How Political Is My Organization] located in Chapter 13 of the
Neck et al. text. Consider sharing your results and what this assessment provides about how you
approach decisions.
Unread
PowerPoint Presentation
Chapter 12
Leadership Perspectives
2
Case Study: Procter and Gamble’s Leadership Training Program
Case Questions:
Why does Procter and Gamble draw so many job applicants?
How did Procter and Gamble influence the creation of their industry as it pertains to safety?
Neck, Organizational Behavior, 2e. © SAGE Publishing, 2020.
3
3
What Is Leadership?
A process of providing general direction from a position of influence to individuals or groups toward the successful attainment of goals
“As a leader, it’s a major responsibility on your shoulders to practice the behavior you want others to follow.”
—Himanshu Bhatia, Rose International, Inc
Neck, Organizational Behavior, 2e. © SAGE Publishing, 2020.
4
LO 12.1 Explain the basic concept of leadership
The search for what makes a good leader has been going on for centuries and, in spite of myriad studies, there are no conclusive answers. Although many definitions exist, for our purposes, leadership is a process of providing general direction from a position of influence to individuals or groups toward the successful attainment of goals.
What makes a great leader? On what basis do you identify them as leaders? Popularity? Achievement? The way they communicate? Perhaps it’s something intangible, like a leader’s charisma.
4
Formal and Informal Leadership
Formal Leaders: A formal leader is officially designated by the organization, such as when the board of directors appoints a CEO.
Informal Leaders: An informal leader does not receive a title but is perceived by others as a leader.
Neck, Organizational Behavior, 2e. © SAGE Publishing, 2020.
5
LO 12.2 Distinguish between formal and informal leadership and between leadership and management
Within most organizations, there are two types of leaders: formal and informal. A formal leader is officially designated by the organization, like a CEO who is appointed by the board of directors. For example, although Marillyn Hewson was only appointed CEO of Lockheed Martin in 2013, she has been named as the one of the best-performing CEOs in the world. An informal leader does not receive a title but is perceived by others as a leader. For example, in the teaching profession, teachers hold both formal and informal roles in order to provide leadership by example for their peers.
See, for instance, Neubert, M. J., & Taggar, S XXXXXXXXXXPathways to informal leadership: The moderating role of gender on the relationship of individual differences and team member network centrality to informal leadership emergence. Leadership Quarterly, 15, 175–194; Pan, J., Liu, S., Ma, B., & Qu, Z XXXXXXXXXXHow does proactive personality promote creativity? A multilevel examination of the interplay between formal and informal leadership. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology.
The best-performing CEOs in the world. Harvard Business Review, November 2016. https:
h
.org/2016/11/the-best-performing-ceos-in-the-world
Kearney, P. J. 5 Tips for teacher leaders. Huffington Post, August 23, 2017. https:
www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/five-tips-for-teacher-leaders_us_599dd57ae4b0b87d38cbe701
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Formal and