Match each of the following major functions to the co
esponding endocrine gland
· Promotion of growth and metabolism
· Regulation of production and release of thyroid hormones
· Regulation of corticosteroid secretion
· Stimulation of oestrogen production
· Regulation of sperm production
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· Stimulation of uterine contractions and labour initiation
· Stimulation of milk secretion
· Regulation of water reabsorption
· Vasoconstriction
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· Regulation of metabolic rate and growth
· Reduction of plasma calcium levels
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· Increase of plasma calcium levels
· Regulation of calcium reabsorption and phosphorus excretion
· Activation of vitamin D
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· Regulation of protein, fat and ca
ohydrate metabolism
· Suppression of inflammation
· Secretion of corticosteroids
· Regulation of sodium and potassium balance
· Maintenance of fluid balance
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· Production and secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline
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· Stimulation of plasma glucose decrease and cellular uptake
· Stimulation of plasma glucose increase and glycogenolysis
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· Development of secondary sexual characteristics
· Maturation of sexual organs and function
· Development of mammary tissue
· Preparation for implantation and maintenance of pregnancy
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· Development of secondary sexual characteristics
· Maturation of sexual organs and function
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· Development of lymphocytes
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· Production of melatonin
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Question XXXXXXXXXX pts
Put the following structures of the human body in order, from least complex (1) to most complex (9)
Atom
Molecule
Tissue
Cell
Organism
Macro-molecule
Organ system
Organ
Organelle
Question 4
Match each of the following respiratory system components to the co
ect description
· Lined with hair and cilia to filter pathogens and foreign particles from inhaled ai
· Traps substances in inhaled hair using secretions of mucus
· Enables sense of smell
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· Resonance chambers that aid in voice production
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· Warms and moistens inhaled ai
· Allows air to travel to the middle ear, thereby equalising middle ear pressure with atmospheric pressure
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· Passageway for food and fluids moving from the mouth to the oesophagus and for air moving to and from the nasal cavity
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· Provides a passageway for air between the pharynx and trachea, and further moistens, warms and filters the air
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· Also known as the ‘Adam’s apple’
· Protects the vocal chords
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· Leaf-shaped cartilage which directs food and fluid to the oesophagus during swallowing, thereby preventing entry to the trachea and lungs
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· Comprises 15-20 C-shaped rings of cartilage joined by muscle and fi
ous tissue
· Provides a permanently open passageway for air travelling to and from the lungs
· Lined with ciliated epithelium which sweep mucus, cell de
is and foreign particles into the pharynx
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· Comprises two sections which enter the lungs: the left section divides into two
anches, the right divides into three
anches
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· The smallest
anches of the
onchi
· Serve as both part of the airways and as part of alveolar volume
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· Located in the thoracic cavity on either side of the mediastinum
· Contain elastic tissue which enables expansion and recoil during respiration
· Comprises five lobes (two on the left, three on the right)
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· Microscopic air sacs located in the lungs
· Enable the interchange of oxygen and ca
on dioxide between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries
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· Comprise two layers of serous mem
ane which prevent friction between the surface of the lungs and the diaphragm
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Question 3
Complete the following sentences by filling in the missing words
Almost 90% of the comprises cells called .
8% of the epidermis is made up of .
Comprising just over 1% of epidermal cells, cells detect and fight pathogens
that attempt to enter the body through the skin. cells account for less than 1% of the epidermis,
ut enable us to sense touch.
The deep layer of skin found under the epidermis is called the .
The of this section of the skin contains many nerves and blood vessels which are
projected toward the of the skin. Conversely, the comprises elastin fi
es
unning in all directions to provide the skin with strength and elasticity.
Even deeper is a layer of loose connective tissue known as the , which connects
the skin with underlying muscle and bone, as well as providing a storage area for fat
Question 5 4 pts
What is the normal adult range for each of the following cardiovascular assessments?
Heart Rate
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Blood Pressure
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Haemoglobin (male)
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Haemoglobin (female)
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Question 6 10 pts
Complete the following sentences by filling in the missing words
: acts as a pump to circulate blood through the body
Blood: ca
ies to cells and ca
ies away from cells
: contain and transport throughout the body
: transports containing , proteins and some waste products, recognises and destroys before they reach the bloodstream and delivers nutrients from the digestive tract into the .
Question 7 9 pts
Match each of the following digestive system components (including accessory digestive organs) to the co
ect structure/function
· Where the process of ingestion usually commences
· Contains salivary glands that moisten and soften food
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· A tube beginning behind the nose and ending at the top of the oesophagus and trachea
· Aids swallowing of food
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· A muscular tube about 20-25cm long (located behind the trachea) which extends from the pharynx to the stomach
· Ca
ies food to the stomach via peristaltic action
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· Divided into five areas: the cardia, the fundus, the body, the antrum and the pylorus
· Contractions of its muscles mix ingested food with gastric juices to
eak down the food
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· A coiled muscular tube about 5-6m long
· Where the majority of nutrition absorption occurs
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· A muscular tube about 1.5m long
· Forms and expels faeces
· Divided into seven sections starting at the caecum and ending at the anus
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· Large gland located behind the stomach
· Secretes juice that aids in the digestion of nutrients
· Stimulated by the presence of chyme in the duodenum
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· Large organ that produces and stores bile
· Stores