Assessment Type: Case Study Essay – Assessment Two Word Count: 2,000 words Due Date...

Question

Assessment Type:
    Case Study Essay – Assessment Two
    Word Count:
    2,000 words
    Due Date and Time:
    Tuesday 4th September at 1700
    Weighting:
    50%
Aim: to understand the importance of a thorough biopsychosocial assessment to reliably
identify factors that will lead to diagnosis of a mental health issue and appropriate nursing care management.
Description:
You are to write an essay which analyses a case study in order to discuss appropriate biopsychosocial factors and nursing management or interventions relevant to that case. Recent and relevant literature must be used to support your discussion.
Instructions:
1. 1) Select a case study provided.
2. 2) Use recent literature to support your discussion:
1. 2.1) Identify and discuss biopsychosocial factors that contribute to the development of the selected disorder.
2. 2.2) Describe and discuss nursing management or interventions appropriate for your selected case study.
3. 2.3) Outline and discuss ethical implications for the selected case study.
Other elements
· Ensure that you use scholarly literature (digitised readings, research articles, relevant Government reports and text books) that has been published within the last 10 years.
· Provide a clear introduction and conclusion to your paper.
· You may use headings to organise your work if you wish.
· Unless otherwise instructed, write in the third person.
· Use academic language throughout.
· Refer to the marking guidelines when writing your assignment. This will assist you in calculating the weightings of the sections for your assignment.
· State your word count (excluding your reference list) on the Title page.
Case 3: Depression
Amy is a 75-year old woman. She has been diagnosed as having depression for ten years. She started to feel depressed after she was diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. She felt more depressed after the loss of her husband three years ago. She was hardly eating anything and wasn’t sleep. She felt like she had no one to talk to. After the death of her husband, Amy moved to a retirement village. While living at the retirement village, Amy manages her medications by herself. Sometimes she forgets to take her medications.
Amy has two daughters. They live in another city, about one hour drive from her
home. They visit her almost every month. Amy is a quiet but caring person. She likes to keep things to herself. Amy has similar characters to her mother who also had depression and passed away fifteen years ago.
Amy was
ought to a mental health hospital by Sue, one of Amy’s daughters, after the retirement village manager contacted her. This is her fourth admission to the hospital. Over a period of two weeks, Amy has experienced a loss of interest in her activities and sleep distu
ance. Amy was restless at night and she found it hard to fall asleep. Over the past two weeks, Amy has felt increasingly tired and fatigued, resulting in her not wanting to get out of bed. Amy has lost her appetite. She has lost six kilograms in the past two months. Amy expresses feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, and hopelessness. She feels she is a burden for her daughters. Amy reported low mood and stated “If I were gone, things would be easier for my daughters”.
The doctor prescribes Amy another group of antidepressants. While she is in an inpatient unit, she attends cognitive behavioural therapy as well as art and craft group activities.

    Marking Criteria
    Possible marks
    1. INTRODUCTION
· - Assignment has as an opening paragraph that contextualises the assignment.
· - Clearly identifies the aim of the assignment
    /3
    2. IDENTIFY AND DISCUSS BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS RELATED TO THE CASE STUDY
- Clearly identifies and discusses biopsychosocial factors influencing the development
of the disorder in the selected case study.
    /10
    3. DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS NURSING MANAGEMENT OR INTERVENTIONS
- Using research evidence clearly identify and discuss nursing management or interventions appropriate for the selected case study.
    /15
    4. OUTLINE AND DISCUSS ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS
- Clearly discusses ethical implications appropriate for the selected case study
    /10
    5. CONCLUSION
· - Has a concluding paragraph that summarises the overall argument in the assignment.
· - Does not introduce any new information or references in the conclusion.
    /2
    6. RESEARCH AND REFERENCING
· - Identifies, analyses and uses good quality evidence to support the outlined relevant points. Uses at least 10 relevant sources from the scholarly literature published in the last 10 years.
· - Referencing as per APA Style 6th Edition
· - Separate page for reference list headed “References”
    /5
    7. ACADEMIC WRITING
- Conforms to the Assignment Presentation Formatting Guidelines.
· Co
ect word count (2,000 words). Uses academic language
throughout.
· Essay is well presented, with co
ect spelling, grammar, and well-
constructed sentence and paragraph structure
    /5

Case 3: Depression
Amy is a 75-year old woman. She has been diagnosed as having depression for ten years. She started to feel depressed after she was diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension. She felt more depressed after the loss of her husband three years ago. She was hardly eating anything and wasn’t sleep. She felt like she had no one to talk to. After the death of her husband, Amy moved to a retirement village. While living at the retirement village, Amy manages her medications by herself. Sometimes she forgets to take her medications.
Amy has two daughters. They live in another city, about one hour drive from her
home. They visit her almost every month. Amy is a quiet but caring person. She likes to keep things to herself. Amy has similar characters to her mother who also had depression and passed away fifteen years ago.
Amy was
ought to a mental health hospital by Sue, one of Amy’s daughters, after the retirement village manager contacted her. This is her fourth admission to the hospital. Over a period of two weeks, Amy has experienced a loss of interest in her activities and sleep distu
ance. Amy was restless at night and she found it hard to fall asleep. Over the past two weeks, Amy has felt increasingly tired and fatigued, resulting in her not wanting to get out of bed. Amy has lost her appetite. She has lost six kilograms in the past two months. Amy expresses feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, and hopelessness. She feels she is a burden for her daughters. Amy reported low mood and stated “If I were gone, things would be easier for my daughters”.
The doctor prescribes Amy another group of antidepressants. While she is in an inpatient unit, she attends cognitive behavioural therapy as well as art and craft group activities.

tae_636710176643953063_120691_1.docx tae_636710176643953063_120691_2.docx tae_636710176643953063_120691_3.docx

Soumi · Accepted Answer

Running Head: Depression AND its assessment	1
Depression AND its assessment		9
Depression, its biopsychosocial assessment and intervention
Table of Contents
Introduction	3
Biopsychosocial analysis of the Case Study	3
Nursing interventions	4
Ethical Implications	6
Conclusion	7
References	9
Introduction
One of the rising challenges to mental health today is Depression. Depression is basically a mind disorder pertaining to continued feelings of sadness and anxiety in individuals. As suggested by Wilson and Bennett (2017), if allowed to progress, it could have serious effects causing feelings of despair, confusion, worthlessness and anxiety in individuals. In certain cases, individuals may also develop suicidal tendencies. 
Hence, it becomes extremely important to address all nuances of this disorder, in all possible ways to mitigate the condition. The aim of this study is to thoroughly investigate the case study of a 75 year old woman Amy who suffers from Depression and shows associated symptoms. The essay attempts to understand Amy’s condition based on the biopsychosocial model and analyze possible nursing interventions that could help her recover from the illness.
Biopsychosocial analysis of the Case Study
The Biopsychosocial Assessment Model was developed by Dr. George Engel in 1977. The Model attempts to change the outlook towards disorders and encourages health professionals to take a broader approach in treatment of diseases. According to Jensen et al. (2015), the Model, the state of health or disease could be analyzed from biological, psychological as well as social contributing factors. As observed by Wade and Halligan (2017), these factors are inter-linked or inter-connected and exert a cumulative, simultaneous impact on an individual’s health. In other words, wellbeing is associated with biological, psychological and social well-being.
Depression too is brought about by a consortium of biological, social and psychological factors. According to Lopizzo et al. (2015), genetics plays a vital role in the onset of depression. As noted by Lopizzo et al. (2015), people having familial history of depression are about two times more prone to getting depression. As in Amy’s case, the case history suggests that even her mother was suffering from depression. Besides this, studies have also linked abnormal levels of major neurotransmitters to be associated with depression. Serotonin is one of the chief neurotransmitters in the brain which is associated with controlling a number of emotions and activities. It regulates the food and sleep activities as well. It has been shown that lower levels of Serotonin have resulted in increased chances of depression. 
In certain individuals, faulty levels of the stress hormone, norepinephrine, may lead to depression. Norepinephrine, being the stress hormone, controls the response of individuals to stressful situations. Hence, improper levels of this neurotransmitter may affect the individual’s ability to deal with stress, thereby, alleviating chances of depression. Another neurotransmitter, Dopamine, plays an important role in the perception of joy and pleasure in individuals. Low levels of Dopamine are linked to increased propensity to depression. 
Additionally, certain hormonal imbalances have also been linked to increased depression. Abnormally high cortisol levels as well as hypothyroidism have been found to influence the onset of depression. People with Diabetes have higher risks of going into depression due to the stress of management of diabetes. It could be said that Amy’s diabetic condition could have also contributed to the onset of diabetes. It has also been found that there are certain correlations present between an elevated blood pressure and depression. Considering Amy’s case, it could be highly probable that her stress and subsequent depression could have caused the high blood pressure.
From the psychosocial point of view, it could be put forth that Amy had faced a lot of stressful events in her life. She lost her husband three years back as well as her mother fifteen years ago. All of this had significant impact on her. She started feeling lonely and uncared for. She lost her appetite as well as sleep, both of which commonly characterize Depression. She used to take her own medicines. However, given her age and condition, she used to forget her medications. This would in turn affect her health. 
Moreover,

Assessment Type: Case Study Essay – Assessment Two Word Count: 2,000 words Due Date and Time: Tuesday 4th September at 1700 Weighting: 50% Aim: to understand the importance of a thorough...

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