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ASSESSMENT 2: ONLINE CASE STUDY
ABOUT LEONARD
Table of Contents
3Introduction
31. Health Risk Factors in Leonard
42. Treatment strategies and evaluation of practice tools
53. Person centred care approach for Leonard
6Conclusion
7References
Introduction
Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a most common neurodegenerative disorder in aged people across the world. Dementia is the main cause of this disorder affecting the physical and the mental health of patient progressively. However, a lot of research has been in this field no proper treatment is available. A patient with the Alzheimer’s disease (alternatively refe
ed to as Alzheimer’s), needs proper person-centred care to maintain the condition. Consequently, once patient diagnosed with Alzheimer’s, there is no possibility of regaining normal life but patient centred care provides a therapeutic approach to avoiding deteriorating of the condition. In the present case study, Leonard was diagnosed with cognitive impairment, leading onto dementia at the earlier stages, further acquiring AD from it.
1. Health Risk Factors in Leonard
In the present case of Leonard, he was 73 years’ old and has shown initial symptoms of dementia with cognitive impairment. Further, he was admitted to the emergency department where he was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. As discussed by Kumar and Singh (2015), AD is clinically diagnosed in aged people with mild cognitive impairment. Hence, the key risk factors that cause AD are loss of memory, loss of language function, inability to learn things, dementia, depression, and anxiety. The key issues noticed are weight loss and mainly patients face difficulty to manage day-to-day living.
However, as argued by Millan (2017), in elderly people, age-related issues, despite being common, the impacts are concerns that are more serious. Hence, in the initial stage only, it is very important for preventing or delaying the onset of the age-related diseases. This can be possible majorly, through the identification of the risks factors that cause these diseases and the ways, in which these can be prevented. In case of Leonard, although he possesses multiple health related issues, his predominant health issue is the AD, which is example of him possessing cognitive impairment. Hence, the risk factors of AD, which have been identified initially, could also be also be attributed to his causation of the cognitive impairment.
On the other hand, as contrasted by Da Mesquita et al. (2016), the issues that are related to the elderly people possessing cognitive impairments are the risks of falls and pressure ulcers. In case of Leonard, the issues can be a probability, because his age and the issue of AD can couple up to cause the neurological imbalance in him, which might result into his fall incidents. As informed by Miners et al. (2016), since the neurotransmitters are affected at the main phase in the AD, wherein there is severe loss of cholinergic receptors at the basal fore
ain; therefore, there is a decrease in the production of choline acetyltransferase enzyme in the cere
al cortex of the patients. The deficiency in the production of cholinergic receptors results in the alternation in cognitive function, which is why they face issue in locomotion, thus, leading onto occu
ence of falls. Besides, in case of Leonard, he also suffered from significant hip fractures and issues of inconsistent urination, which is why his tendency of experiencing falls is even more.
On the contrary, as argued by Barker et al. (2014), if a patient tends to experience frequent falls, then if they are prevented from moving about more frequently, then they might develop the risk fact of having pressure ulcers. In other words, if the patient is made to rest for a longer time and subjected to restricted movements,...