Aim of assessment The aim of this assessment is to increase students’ understanding of how...

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Aim of assessment The aim of this assessment is to increase students’ understanding of how microorganisms can cause health breakdown, and the role of relevant pharmacological interventions in the recovery processes. Students will explore various modes of transmission, relevant characteristics of pathogens and the importance of breaking the chain of infection. This assessment facilitates the development of the following skills: critical appraisal of the nurse’s role in infection control, literature searching, and academic writing and referencing. Instructions: You must use the supplied template (to be accessed from the Assessment tab in the Unit’s vUWS site), to answer the questions that follow the case study below: Case Study: John (88 years old) is a resident at a high dependency aged care facility (nursing home). He has developed infectious conjunctivitis in his right eye. On examination, his eye was found to be red and swollen with a purulent and sticky discharge. His vision was unaffected; however he did complain that his eye was painful. The doctor prescribed gentamicin eye drops which were to be administered to both eyes. Use the supplied template to answer the following questions: Q1. Background of the case study (Total: 5 marks) 1.1 What is infectious conjunctivitis? 1.2 Of the four micro-organisms listed below, justify which one is more likely to be the cause of John’s eye infection. Indicate why the other micro-organisms from the list are less likely to cause the infection. · Legionella pneumophila · Plasmodium ovale · Adenovirus · Staphylococcus aureus Q2. Mechanism of action and adverse reactions (Total: 5 marks) 2.1 Describe the mechanism of action of gentamicin 2.2 Name two possible adverse reactions to this drug Q3. Physiological basis of signs (Total: 10 marks XXXXXXXXXXDescribe the physiological basis of the three (3) signs observed in John’s eye. Relate your response to this case study. Q4. Infection control issues (Total 5 marks XXXXXXXXXXIdentify and discuss two infection control issues associated with high dependency aged care facilities that cancontribute to the spread of conjunctivitis. Q5. Transmission of infection (Total: 5 marks) 5.1 Mary who resides in the room next door was diagnosed with the same eye infection 4 days later. Describe how the organism could have been transmitted from John’s eye to Mary’s eye (describe the chain of infection that could have occurred from John’s eye to Mary’s eye). Q6. Breaking the chain of infection (Total: 5 marks) 6.1 Describe two procedures nurses will need to undertake to prevent the infection from John’s eye being transmitted to another individual. Clearly explain how each procedure will effectively break the chain of infection. Q7. Presentation: 5 marks. See template Resources: There are a number of resources available through the Library that may assist you. Please refer to the unit’s vUWS site for specific unit resources. A minimum of five of the following eight references must be used and cited in this case study. Additional references may be used if required. Some of these can be accessed onlinewhere indicated. Others may be located on closed reserve in the library. 6 References: Boland, M. (Director), Santall, J. (Presenter), & Video Education Australasia XXXXXXXXXXInfection control in healthcare [Videorecording]. Bendigo, Australia: VEA. Available online Boustcha, E., & Nicolle, L. E XXXXXXXXXXConjunctivitis in a long-term care facility. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 16(4), XXXXXXXXXXAvailable online Bullock, S., & Manias, E XXXXXXXXXXFundamentals of pharmacology (8th ed.). Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Australia. Burchum, J. R., & Rosenthal, L XXXXXXXXXXLehne’s pharmacology for nursing care (10th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders. (OR: Lehne, R. A., Moore, L., Crosby, L., & Hamilton, D XXXXXXXXXXPharmacology for nursing care (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders/Elsevier. OR: Lehne, R. A., Moore, L., Crosby, L., & Hamilton, D XXXXXXXXXXPharmacology for nursing care (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders/Elsevier. (Available online). Craft, J., & Gordon, C. (Eds XXXXXXXXXXUnderstanding pathophysiology (3rd, Australian and New Zealand ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Available Online Lee, G., & Bishop, P. (Eds XXXXXXXXXXMicrobiology and infection control for health professionals (6th ed.). Melbourne, Victoria: Pearson Australia. Marieb, E.N., & Hoehn, K XXXXXXXXXXHuman anatomy & physiology (11th global ed.). Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited. Norris, T. L., XXXXXXXXXXPorth’s pathophysiology: Concepts of altered health states (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA : Wolters Kluwer. (OR: Grossman, S. C., & Porth, C. M XXXXXXXXXXPorth’s pathophysiology: Concepts of altered health states (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. OR: Porth, C. M., & Matfin, G XXXXXXXXXXPathophysiology: Concepts of altered health states (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA

Paulami · Accepted Answer

This template must be used to answer the case study. 
(Please type your answers within the box underneath each question)
Student name (LAST NAME first name):
Student number: 
Campus:
Tutorial session (time and room no.):
Tutor’s name:
1. Background of the case study (Total: 5 marks)
1.1 What is infectious conjunctivitis? 
	Inflammation of the conjunctiva in the eyes from bacterial or viral pathogens is caused by the disease of infectious conjunctiva. The patients suffer from redness, discharging and swelling symptoms. The infection causes a transparent and thin layer that forms on the eyes within the patients. This disease is often called “pink eye” and most children get affected with it (CDE, 2019). Chemical, infectious and allergic are the three main kinds of conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis is generally seen among the people due to change in seasons (Craft & Gordon, 2019). The exposure with the substance such as pollen results in trigger of the infected eye. Bacteria such as Haemophilus, influenza and Staphylococcus are the reason for occurring infectious conjunctivitis (AOA, 2019). Varicella, Measles virus, Herpes simplex, as well as Adenovirus cause viral infections of conjunctivitis. A very serious kind of bacterial conjunctivitis is seen in neonates. The vision among the child can be damaged permanently in this condition if not treated properly. When neonate is exposed to disease transmitted sexually such as gonorrhoea and Chlamydia, then this severe type of conjunctivitis is caused. 
1.2 Of the four micro-organisms listed below, justify which one is more likely to be the cause of John’s eye infection. Indicate why the other micro-organisms from the list are least likely to cause the infection. 
Legionella pneumophila
Yes or no, with reason:
	In the study of the case that has been provided, it has been studied that Legionella pneumophila causes Legionnaires where lunges are affected so it cannot be pathogens.
Plasmodium ovale
Yes or no, with reason:
	The conjunctivitis is not caused due to these pathogens because it is responsible to cause tertiary malaria in the patient, John.
Adenovirus
Yes or no, with reason:
	Conjunctivitis caused by the virus is very contagious having symptoms such as photophobia, irritation, discharge, etc. But as the patient is in the environment of the hospital, it is not the pathogens that results in conjunctivitis . 
Staphylococcus aureus
Yes or no, with reason:
	The pathogens are the result of various kinds of disease and are usually found in the environment of the hospitals (Boustcha & Nicolle, 1995). Staphylococcus aureus can cause disease like bacterial borne conjunctivitis. So in this case study, it is the most usual pathogen for a patient (Bennet et al., 2016).

Aim of assessment The aim of this assessment is to increase students’ understanding of how microorganisms can cause health breakdown, and the role of relevant pharmacological interventions in the...

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