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HSH102 Disease Prevention and Control
AT2


Assignment title
AT2: DPC Action Plan

Assignment Question / Task:
Case study of a contemporary disease issue in a population – intervention (action) responses

Purpose:

Completing this assessment task will enable you to develop knowledge of cu
ent interventions in
place to address specific biological, and/o
ehavioural, and/orenvironmental, and/or social
determinants of a disease applied to a given context. It will also help you to develop your applied
understanding of professional tools – relevant frameworks – to support DPC. It will also enable you
to further develop your applied skills in sourcing reliable evidence from appropriate sources,
interpreting health information, synthesizing data and information, and presenting information in a
clear and concise way.

Please refer to the Unit Guide for the Unit Learning Outcomes (ULOs) and Graduate Learning Outcomes
(GLOs) you are developing and evidencing in this assignment.

Weighting: 40%

Word limit: 1500 words (+/- 10%).
The word limit includes introduction, conclusion, body of the report; in-text citations;
headings and sub-headings; any information contained in tables (if included/presented).
The word limit excludes and of the following if included: title page; table of contents; list
of a
eviations; final reference list; appendix.

Due date: Friday, 20th May (week 10 of the trimester)

Due time: 8.00pm

Location: Assignment dropbox on CloudDeakin unit site

Format: MS Word or PDF
PDF conversion software is available here on Deakin Software Catalogue

Topic background:
This task extends on your AT1. For this task, you will use the same case study from your AT1 and the
information you presented in AT1 about the determinants of a specific disease in a specific
population. The task will require you to draw upon your AT1, as well as the additional knowledge,
concepts and skills covered over weeks 7-9 of the trimester, to research and present a range of
interventions (actions/activities) cu
ently in place to address some of the issues/determinants you
outlined in your AT1.
http:
software.deakin.edu.au/2017/03/25/dopdf-write
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Intervention for disease prevention and control in real life practice is guided by key frameworks
(guildelines or strategic documents). Thus, this task will require you to relate your action plan to
some of the key frameworks presented in the unit, or others that may be relevant to your case study
(e.g. national strategies/frameworks relevant to the country/population of your case study, or any
elevant to the specific disease of your case study).

Assignment Task:
Extending on your AT1, this task requires you to research and present three evidence-based
interventions (actions/activities) that are cu
ently being implemented in your case study context to
address some of the determinants you outlined in your case study profile in AT1. Actions can be
wide ranging, for example policies/legislation, community-based programs, screening and
surveillance, immunisations or pharmacotherapy (drug treatments), etc.

For each of the three evidence-based intervention presented, you should discuss:
• A description of the intervention (what the intervention is/what it does). You could include a
ief discussion of any limitations of the strategy here, if relevant.
• A clear statement about which determint(s) the intervention links to and is addressing.
• Who has responsibility for delivering the intervention.
• What aspects of a relevant DPC framework(s) the intervention links to. You should provide
specific examples here (e.g. “The intervention contributes to achieving objective x of xxx
framework’).
• You should cite references throughout your discussion to provide the evidence-base for the
interventions.

Instructions for this assessment task:
Your report should begin with a
ief introduction which states the aim/intention/struture of the
eport (i.e. what the report does or aims to present).

You should then present and discuss three evidence-based interventions. It is recommended that
you discuss each intervention in a separate paragraph. You can use sub-headings to support you e.g.
Intervention one. This will also give your assignment clarity and structure.

A suggested format is:

• Title page (separate page)
• Optional table of contents (separate page)
• Introduction to the report (Brief paragraph, XXXXXXXXXXwords)
- outlines the purpose/aim and structure of the report
• Discussion of first evidence-based intervention (paragraph of XXXXXXXXXXwords)
• Discussion of second evidence-based intervention (paragraph of XXXXXXXXXXwords)
• Discussion of thrid evidence-based intervention (paragraph of XXXXXXXXXXwords)
• Conclusion (
ief paragraph, XXXXXXXXXXwords)
• Reference list (separate page)
• Any appendix (not compulsory or necessary for this task; only include if essential
and used). if used, start each appendix on a separate page, clearly labelled with
appenxic number and title.

To give your report balance, it is recommended that you weight discussion of each intervention
similarly (for example, about XXXXXXXXXXwords on each) as they are worth the same amount of
marks (see marking ru
ic). Your introduction and conclusion should be about XXXXXXXXXXwords
each.


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AT2 FREQUENLY ASKED QUESTIONS

1. What is an evidence-based intervention?
An evidence-based intervention is one that has been ‘tried and tested’ and is reported in
credible literature. It means that you are not just ‘making up ideas’ for your own interventions,
ut rather, looking to see what is credible real-life practice from the field. Thus, you need to
search the literature (e.g. li
ary databases and credible grey literature) for examples of
appropriate interventions, and cite references in your discussion of interventions.

2. How long should each section be?
To give your report balance, it is recommended that you weight the discussion of each
intervention similarly; for example, approximately XXXXXXXXXXwords on each intervention. Each
intervention is is worth the same amount of marks (see ru
ic).

You should include a
ief introduction and conclusion of 50 – 100 words each.

3. Which framework(s) can I use?
For this task, you should focus on the frameworks presented in the unit. So, if you are doing one
of the non-communicable disease topics, you could relate your strategies to one or more of the
frameworks we covered in week 8.

If you are are doing one of the communicable disease topics, you could relate your strategies to
one of more of the frameworks we covered in week 9.

It is likely that there are other frameworks (also sometimes called strategies) that are relevant to
your specific case study disease and/or country/population. You are welcome to use any that
you find that may be relevant. If you find an alternative framework that you would like to use, it
is advisable that you first check this with your tutor to make sure that it is relevant and
appropriate.


4. Should I relate each intervention to only one framework, or can I relate the intervention to parts
of multiple frameworks if relevant?
For this task, yes – you can relate an intervention to parts of various frameworks if relevant. In
eal life practice, you would ordinarily follow one framework to guide your intervention.
However, through this unit and this assessment task we want you to become familiar with
multiple frameworks that are used in the field. Therefore, you can use more than one
framework in your discussion of a single intervention or your suite of interventions for this task.

5. Can I have multiple interventions that address the same determinant?
Yes. For a hypothetical example, your first intervention might address the determinant of ‘access
to health care’ that you outlined in AT1. Your second intervention might also address this same
determinant, but it must be an entirely distinct and separate intervention.

6. Can I have one intervention that addresses multiple determinants?
Yes. For a hypothetical example, you might discuss an intervention which addresses multiple
inter-related determinants that you outlined in your AT1, such as issues of both access to health
services and cultural appropriateness of health services. You can identify and discuss both these
determinants when discussing your intervention. However, the intervention still only counts as
one intervention, and you would still need to discuss three separate interventions in total. The
focus of this task is on the suite of three interventions discussed, not the number of
determinants addressed.
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7. How many references do I need for this assignment?
There is no set number. However, for a strong discussion throughout your assignment, it is
expected that you would have 2-3 references in the discussion of each intervention. This would
include references for your evidence-base, as well as references to the appropriate
framework(s). You may cite the same references for multiple interventions, but you should try to
search widely in the literature where possible to expand your literature/evidence-base to
strengthen your discussion.
Answered Same Day May 23, 2022

Solution

Manisha answered on May 24 2022
103 Votes
HSH102 Disease Prevention and Control
AT2: Case study of a contemporary disease issue in a population – intervention (action) responses
Table of contents
Introduction    3
First evidence-based intervention - Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)    3
Second evidence-based intervention - Structural Intervention    4
Third evidence-based intervention - Medication Adherence    5
Conclusion    6
Reference    7
Introduction
According to the reports of the World Health Organization (WHO), the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells (white blood cells). People suffering from HIV have to live with it lifelong but there are some ways to prevent the spread into progeny by the combination of certain antiretroviral drugs. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps to control the viral load by suppressing the replication of viruses within the body, thus allowing the immune system to recover. In 2016, WHO proposed to provide ART to those suffering from HIV, including adults, children, and pregnant women i
espective of CD4 count. In 2021, nearly 28.2 million people received ART globally. Evidence-based interventions by CDC have been found to have significant outcomes related to HIV. These are evaluated rigorously, providing strong efficacy towards the treatment.
First evidence-based intervention - Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)
PrEP is the medicine available to people prone to HIV infection as a result of sex with an infected partner or drug use. This evidence-based intervention can prevent the spread of HIV into the body. PrEP medications have been approved by FDA and are available in the form of oral medicines as well as injectables. It is suggested to people at high risk of HIV but with HIV negative reports. It reduces 74% of the risk of HIV after drug use, while around 99% reduced the risk of the disease after sex. Although it is necessary to complete the prescription in both cases. Apretude is the injectable form of PrEP available to the people at risk and must be injected every couple of months. Oral medicines must be consumed daily and approved by FDA:
· Turveda - It is prescribed to the people at risk of HIV transmission through sex or drug use
· Descovy - It is prescribed to transwomen and sexually active men but still, it has not been studied for receptive vaginal sex (effect on women).
The identification of effective intervention is important for persistence (adherence, and uptake), and increase in PrEP use. PrEP is safe to use and also prevents other sexually transmitted diseases (STD). It might have mild side effects including nausea, headache, stomach ache, and fatigue.
Various PrEP practices are:
· iTAB (Individualised Texting for Adherence Building) - It aims to improve PrEP adherence among HIV-negative men with sexual contact with other men and transgender women. iTAB is a mobile-health intervention offering personalized health promotion daily in the form of text messages delivered over 48 weeks. Out of 440 messages, the participants can select their own. At the end of the messages, the participants get a prompt to respond with a single letter after taking or not taking PrEP. The participants can get text messages according to the selected time.
· PrEPmate - It aims to improve retention in PrEP care and persistence or...
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