17. Bio 30 Assignment 13
NAME:
BIOLOGY 30 - Assignment 13: Populations Interactions
Chapter 20 p. 703
53 Marks
USE THE DATA BOOKLET, FOR FORMULAS, TO COMPLETE THIS ASSIGNMENT
Assignment Completion:
Complete Multiple Choice ONLINE
Written Response can be completed by printing this and handing it in or online.
Use the following information to answer the next 2 questions.
The location of the Sonoran Desert
esults in unique climatic conditions. It
has a warmer average temperature,
less frequent frosts, and more rainfall
than other deserts. This unique climate
esults in more diversity in the
organisms that occupy this particula
desert.
1. The factors that contribute most to the relatively great diversity of organisms in the
Sonoran Desert as compared with that in other deserts are
A. biotic factors that increase the biotic potential
B. abiotic factors that reduce reproductive isolation
C. abiotic factors that reduce environmental resistance
D. biotic factors that increase the ca
ying capacity of the area
2. In the Sonoran Desert, all the populations of all the organisms occupying that desert represent
A. a habitat
B. a community
C. a geographic range
D. an ecological niche
Use the following information to answer the next 2 questions.
Organ Pipe Cactus
The organ pipe cactus has flowers that
open at night. Bats and insects pollinate
these flowers. The fruit of the cactus is
eaten by birds and small mammals. Birds
and small mammals scatter and distribute
the fruit seeds. The coyote, in turn, feeds
on the birds and small mammals.
3. The relationships described above between the organ pipe cactus and insects, and
etween the organ pipe cactus and small mammals are identified in row
Row Cactus and Insects Cactus and Small Mammals
A. predator-prey predator-prey
B. predator-prey mutualism
C. mutualism mutualism
D. mutualism predator-prey
4. The flowers of the organ pipe cactus open during the night and close during the day
to avoid dehydration during the heat of the day. This adaptation of the cacti to the
desert climate most likely occu
ed as a result of
A. increased mutation rates in flowers stimulated by high temperatures
B. increased reproductive success of cacti with flowers that opened at night
C. the intense heat of the desert, which destroyed all flowers that opened during
the day and caused the cacti to open its flowers at night
D. the reaction of the cacti to the extreme heat, which caused it to close its flowers
during the day and to gradually develop the behavior of opening its flowers
at night
Use the following Information to answer the next four questions
In Canada, to manage the harvest of fish, government departments issues quotas based on population
estimates. Problems in salmon and cod fisheries have drawn attention to problems in the calculation of
the estimates. Quotas based on these estimates have led to over harvesting and have driven the cod
fishery into disaster.
5. The ca
ying capacity for northern cod in Canada's Atlantic region may be described
as the
A. harvest quota that permits sustainable yield
B. harvest quota that matches the natural mortality of the cod
C. decline on a growth curve that shows the population size dropping
D. plateau on a growth curve that shows the population size has reached a limit
6. The Atlantic cod moratorium was a government-enforced period of no fishing.
The original two-year moratorium has been extended. Which of the following
measures would be most useful when predicting the size of the cod population
two years in the future?
A. Cod lifespan and natality rate
B. Cod biotic potential and future fishing quotas
C. Migration patterns and predator population size
D. Present population size and present population growth rate
7. When fisheries' quotas were set too high, it may have been because assumptions
were made by government regulators that led them to expect cod stocks to grow
apidly after harvest. One such assumption could have been that cod
A. have low fecundity and high mortality
B. are relatively r-selected with a high biotic potential
C. have high competition and density independent natality
D. are relatively K-selected in regions of high environmental resistance
Use the following information to answer the next question.
Terms and Descriptions Related to Populations
Term Effect of Small
Population
Result of Rebuilt
Population
1 Ca
ying capacity
2 Chaos Theory
3 Genetic Drift
4 Increased
mutation rate
5 Chance loss of
genes
6 Increased
intraspecific
competition
7 Hardy-Weinberg
equili
ium
8 Secondary
sucession to a
different climax
community
9 Reduced genetic
variability
8. Drastic reduction of a population raises the concern that a rebuilt population may
show significant differences from the original population. Identify the term, effect,
and result, as numbered above, that describe this concern. (no spaces or commas when recording 3 digit answer)
Answer: ____ ____ XXXXXXXXXX____
Term Effect Result
Use the following information to answer the next 2 questions
The red-winged blackbird's adaptability has
allowed it to become one of the most abundant
irds in North America
- photo from Grolier Multimedia
Encyclopedia 1999
9. A conclusion about a nesting site study is that the red-winged blackbird population increased in different parts
of North America. This could be because
A. natality plus immigration exceeded mortality plus emigration
B. mortality plus emigration exceeded natality plus immigration
C. natality plus emigration exceeded mortality plus immigration
D. mortality plus immigration exceeded natality plus emigration
10. Gause's principle states that when two different populations occupy the same ecological niche, one of the
populations will be eliminated. Both the mallard duck and the red-winged blackbird occupy wetland areas. The
duck and the red-winged blackbird can live in the same habitat because there is
A. little intraspecific competition for food and
eeding areas
B. little interspecific competition for food and
eeding areas
C. significant intraspecific competition for food and
eeding areas
D. significant interspecific competition for food and
eeding areas
Use the following information to answer the next question.
Farmers continually battle weeds growing in their crops.
11. The relationship between weeds and crop plants growing side by side in a field is
A. mutualism
B. commensalism
C. interspecific competition
D. intraspecific competition
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
Peregrine falcons are swift-flying birds of prey. The
peregrine falcon population in Alberta decreased
from approximately 80
eeding pairs in the 1950's
to a single
eeding pair in 1970.
DDT is an insecticide that accumulates in the
tissues of living creatures and causes reproductive
problems such as eggshell thinning in falcons. In the
1960's and 1970's, DDT residues built up through the
food chain, thereby causing reproductive problems
in the falcons.
A ban on the use of DDT, captive
eeding
programs, and subsequent release of young falcons
into the wild have resulted in the peregrine falcons
eing removed from the endangered species list. In
2004. approximately 50-60 pairs (over 100
individuals) were estimated to reside in Alberta.
- based on Court, 2004
12. The decline in the peregrine falcon population in Alberta was the result of a
A. density-dependent biotic facto
B. density-dependent abiotic facto
C. density-independent biotic facto
D. density-independent abiotic facto
13. Which of the following rows indicates the type of reproductive strategy used by the peregrine falcon, in
comparison with insects, and two characteristics of this reproductive strategy?
Row Reproductive Strategy Characteristics of Reproductive Strategy
A. K selection Low reproductive rate and long lifespan
B. K selection Low reproductive rate and short lifespan
C. r selection High reproductive rate and long lifespan
D. r selection High reproductive rate and short lifespan.
Use the following information to answer the next question.
In winter, snowshoe hares found in Jasper National Park create pathways in the snow between feeding and
esting sites. These travel lanes are then used by porcupines, making the porcupines' movement through
deep snow easier.
14. What relationship exists between the snowshoe hare and the porcupine?
A. Mutualism
B. Predator-prey
C. Commensalism
D. Intraspecific competition
Use the following information to answer the next question
In areas where moose and caribou share habitat, they are both preyed upon by wolves. The population
cycle of the moose is affected by the presence of a second prey species, the caribou.
- from Mech, 1996
15. A reasonable prediction based on these predator-prey relationships is that
A. predator species would not show population changes caused by
density-dependent factors
B. low numbers of caribou would cause wolf starvation if the moose population
was also low
C. wolf and prey populations would decline as the same diseases spread through
the three populations
D. an area would have the same ca
ying capacity for moose as it has fo
caribou, even though each species has different food preferences
Use the following information to answer the next six questions.
A group of ecologists have studied the Jasper National Park animal populations and gathered data related
to the growth of these populations.
J- and S-shaped Growth Curves of Theoretical Populations
16. Ecological data gathered over a 20-year period indicate that the elk population
fluctuates around the level marked I on the graph. The biotic factors that keep this
population stabilized are
A. density dependent
B. density independent
C. independent of natality and mortality
D. independent of emigration and immigration
17. The level marked I on the graph represents the effect of factors such as climate,
nutrients, soils, and water on the size of the elk population. A term to describe this
section of the growth curve is
A. lag phase
B. biotic potential
C. ca
ying capacity
D. climax community
Use the following additional information to answer the next two questions.
Data generated by ecologists working in Jasper National Park are used by park planners. Identifying a population as
-selected or K selected may aid in Wildlife management. Populations of caribou, elk, and wolves have been
studied extensively.
Population Characteristic Population Descriptors
Offspring Number 1 Few offspring
2 Large numbers of offspring
Body Size 3 Small in size
4 Large in size
Reproductive Maturity 5 Early reproductive maturity
6 Delayed reproductive maturity
Lifespan 7 Long lifespan
8 Short lifespan
Numerical Response
18. Identify the population descriptor, as numbered above, that best matches each of the
population characteristics below for a K-selected population such as the caribou or elk.
Population Descriptor Number: ____ XXXXXXXXXX_____ XXXXXXXXXX____ XXXXXXXXXX____
Population Characteristic: Offspring Body Size Reproductive Maturity XXXXXXXXXXLifespan
(Enter your 4 digit answer with no spaces or commas )
Use the following information to answer the next question
Predator-Prey Relationships
Location Anim
al 1
Anim
al 2
Density of
Predators
(number pe
100 km
2
)
Numbe
of Prey
Jasper National Park Wolf Elk XXXXXXXXXX
Northwest Te
itories Wolf Cari
ou
XXXXXXXXXX
Numerical Response
19. The size of the wolf population in an area of 6000 km2 of the Northwest Te
itories is
calculated to be __________ wolves.
(Enter your answer as a whole number with no spaces or commas )
Use the following information to answer the next two questions
Many elk live in and around an 80 km
2
area that includes the Jasper town site.
20. If a disease were to kill 90% of these elk (an epidemic), what would be the likely consequence?
A. The genetic variability in the population would decrease.
B. The population's resistance to all diseases would increase.
C. The mutation rate in genes for disease resistance would increase.
D. The population's gene frequencies would return to pre-epidemic values
through genetic drift.
21. The elk population of this area at the beginning of a study year was 500. If there were 35 births and 5 deaths
throughout the year, what was the per capita growth rate for the elk population during that year?
A. 0.03
B. 0.06
C. 6
D. 30
22. The greater sage grouse is a large bird that lives in the Canadian prairies and is considered to be a species at
isk. In 2001,122 male greater sage grouse were counted at
eeding sites in Alberta. In 2012,18 male greater sage
grouse were counted at the
eeding sites.
Alberta Wilderness Association XXXXXXXXXXIssues: Wildlife, Sage-Grouse, History. www.albertawilderness.ca/issues/wildlife
sage-grouse/#parentHorizontalTab4.
The growth rate of the population of male greater sage grouse in Alberta between 2001 and 2012 was
A. 0.9
B. 9.5
C.-0.9
D. -9.5
23. Use this information to answer the next question.
To study the effect of grazing on biodiversity in a grassland community, scientists prevented sheep and ra
its
from accessing a particular area of the grassland. They discovered that biodiversity decreased in areas where
grazing did not occur because grazing prevents the most successful plant species from overtaking an area. When
grazers consume successful plant species, some of the less successful plant species are given a chance to grow.
Moore, Peter D XXXXXXXXXXParasite rattles diversity’s cage. Nature 433, no XXXXXXXXXXJanuary 13): 119.
—based on Nature, 2005
Grazing increases biodiversity in a grassland by decreasing the
A. gene flow of less successful plant species
B. genetic drift of more-successful plant species
C. interspecific competition for less successful plant species
D. interspecific competition for more-successful plant species
Use the following information to answer the next question